From 5-21 August 2016 Rio de Janeiro hosts the Summer Olympic Games. The costs of hosting the Games include sports-related costs and broader infrastructure-related costs. The sports-related costs of Rio 2016 was estimated to be US$ 4.6 billion, some 51% over budget. With broader costs added, the overall cost was estimated at US$ 12 billion – of which the greater contribution came from the private sector. The costs compare with the previous summer games in London at US$ 15 billion and Sochi winter games at US$ 21.9 billion. The Olympics reportedly have the highest average cost overrun of any type of mega-project. Overall costs include operations costs (during the event including security), venue construction / renovation costs, and infrastructure costs. Estimated externalities, both costs and benefits, remain the subject of much debate.